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Recovery Manager for AD Forest Edition 10.3.1 - User Guide

Overview Getting started
Permissions required to use Recovery Manager for Active Directory Recovery Manager Console Getting and using help Configuring Windows Firewall Using Computer Collections Hybrid Recovery with On Demand Recovery Managing Recovery Manager for Active Directory configuration Licensing
Backing up data
Permissions required for the Backup operation Managing Backup Agent Using a least-privileged user account to back up data Using Managed Service Accounts Active Directory backups vs Windows System State backups Creating BMR and Active Directory backups Using the Backup Wizard Retrying backup creation Enabling backup encryption Backing up AD LDS (ADAM) Backing up cross-domain group membership Backing up distributed file system (DFS) data Backup scheduling Setting performance options Setting advanced backup options Using Forest Recovery Agent Unpacking backups Using e-mail notification Viewing backup creation results
Restoring data
Getting started with Active Directory recovery Managing deleted or recycled objects Restoring backed up Active Directory components Integration with Change Auditor for Active Directory Using granular online restore Restoring AD LDS (ADAM) Selectively restoring Active Directory object attributes Restoring objects in an application directory partition Restoring object quotas Restoring cross-domain group membership Performing a restore without having administrator privileges Reports about objects and operations Using complete offline restore Offline restore implications Restoring SYSVOL authoritatively Performing a granular restore of SYSVOL Recovering Group Policy Restoring data from third-party backups Using the Extract Wizard Restoring passwords and SID history
Full Replication Consolidating backup registration data Recovering an Active Directory forest
Forest recovery overview Deploying Recovery Manager for Active Directory Forest Edition (Disaster Recovery Edition) Permissions required to use Forest Recovery Console Forest Recovery Console Managing a recovery project Recovery methods Phased recovery Managing Forest Recovery Agent Rebooting domain controllers manually Resetting DSRM Administrator Password Purging Kerberos Tickets Managing the Global Catalog servers Managing FSMO roles Manage DNS Client Settings Configuring Windows Firewall Developing a custom forest recovery plan Backing up domain controllers Assigning a preferred DNS server during recovery Handling DNS servers during recovery Forest recovery approaches Deciding which backups to use Running custom scripts while recovering a forest Overview of steps to recover a forest Viewing forest recovery progress Viewing recovery plan Viewing a report about forest recovery or verify settings operation Handling failed domain controllers Adding a domain controller to a running recovery operation Selectively recovering domains in a forest Recovering SYSVOL Deleting domains during recovery Resuming an interrupted forest recovery Recovering read-only domain controllers (RODCs) Checking forest health Collecting diagnostic data for technical support
Using Management Shell Appendices
Frequently asked questions Best practices for using Computer Collections Technical characteristics Best practices for creating backups Best practices for creating backups for forest recovery Best practices for recovering a forest Descriptions of recovery or verification steps Ports Used by Recovery Manager for Active Directory Forest Edition (Disaster Recovery Edition) Backup Wizard Online Restore Wizard Online Restore Wizard for AD LDS (ADAM) Group Policy Restore Wizard Repair Wizard Extract Wizard Events generated by Recovery Manager for Active Directory

Connecting to a domain controller via RDP

To connect to a domain controller via RDP

  1. In the list of domain controllers, right-click the domain coat domain controller to which you want to connect.

  2. Click Connect via RDP on the shortcut menu.

 

Domain controller recovery settings and progress

For a diagram that illustrates the Forest Recovery Console elements, see Forest Recovery Console.

The Domain Controller Recovery Settings and Progress area has the General, Advanced Actions, Progress, Events tabs, and a toolbar providing commands for managing the recovery of the domain controllers selected in the list.

In this section:

 

General tab

You can use this tab to specify recovery settings for one or more domain controllers selected in the list.

TIP

To specify recovery settings for multiple domain controllers at a time:

  1. Hold down CTRL, and then click to select domain controllers in the list of domain controllers.

  2. Use the General tab to specify recovery settings for the selected domain controllers.

The "Domain Controller Recovery Settings and Progress" area also provides the following commands for managing the recovery of domain controllers:

Recovery-related commands

  • Pause Next - Suspends the next operation performed during the current session on the selected domain controllers.

  • Resume - Resumes the suspended operation on the selected domain controllers. There are two choices which can be made. The first is Resume All DCs which allows the resume function of all Domain Controllers in the recovery and Resume Selected DCs which will only allow the resume for the selected Domain Controllers.

  • Retry All - Retries all operations for the selected domain controllers. Before retrying all operations, you may specify a different recovery method for the domain controllers.

  • Retry Last - Retries the last operation performed during the current session on the selected domain controllers.

  • Skip and Continue - Skips the error encountered for the selected domain controllers.

  • Abort - Cancels the recovery or verify settings operation for the domain controllers selected in the list.

Recovery Methods

Recovery method - Allows you to choose one of the following recovery methods for the domain controller selected in the list:

Restore Active Directory from backup

Restores the domain controller from the backup you specify. For more information on backup selection methods, see Selecting backups for recovery. During recovery, Recovery Manager for Active Directory (RMAD) uses custom Internet Protocol security (IPSec) rules to isolate the domain controllers for which you selected this recovery method. For more information, see How does Recovery Manager for Active Directory isolate domain controllers during forest recovery?

The Directory Services Restore Mode (DSRM) can be paused during recovery by selecting the Pause recovery in DSRM to perform additional actions before booting to normal mode. on the Advanced Actions tab.

Reinstall Active Directory

Uninstalls Active Directory® and then installs it again by using Microsoft’s tools.

For domain controllers running Windows Server® 2008 or earlier, this step uses the Dcpromo.exe tool.

For Windows Server® 2012-based domain controllers, this step uses the Windows PowerShell cmdlets Install- ADDSDomainController and Uninstall-ADDSDomainController.

Uninstalls Active Directory and then installs it again by selecting the Install from Media (IFM) option.
The selected servers will be uninstalled and then promoted to Domain Controllers using a media file created from Active Directory backup.

After the Active Directory® reinstallation is complete, the domain controller replicates Active Directory® data from other domain controllers that were restored from backups in the recovery project.

Note

The Reinstall Active Directory® recovery method removes the global catalog by default if it is present on the domain controller being recovered. If you need to reconfigure the global catalog on the domain controller during Active Directory® reinstallation, select the Configure the domain controller as a global catalog server option in the Additional Settings section.

Install Active Directory

Installs Active Directory® by using Microsoft’s tools.

For domain controllers running Windows Server® 2008 or earlier, this step uses the Dcpromo.exe tool.

For Windows Server® 2012-based domain controllers, this step uses the Windows PowerShell cmdlets Install- ADDSDomainController.

Installs Active Directory® by selecting the Install from Media (IFM) option. The selected servers will be promoted to Domain Controllers using a media file created from the Active Directory® backup.

Note: Make sure that a read-only domain controller (RODC) can be installed using a backup created from a read-only DC, or a writable DC can be installed using a backup created from a writable DC.

Install Active Directory includes the option to install the DNS role on the Domain Controller. During Recovery, the DNS role is installed during the "Install Windows features" step.

For details, see Install Active Directory recovery method.

Uninstall Active Directory

Performs a forced removal of Active Directory® from the domain controller and then demotes it to a member server in the domain. Domain controller’s metadata is completely removed from Active Directory®.

Note

When you use this method, the local Administrator password on the target domain controller is reset to the value you specify in the Set DSRM password and Confirm DSRM password text boxes in the Forest Recovery Console.

Do not recover

Isolates the domain controller from other domain controllers and completely removes it from the domain - no actions are performed on the domain controller itself. This option is used if the domain controller is inaccessible or you do not want to recover the domain controller due to any failures. RMAD removes all metadata of domain controllers that were not recovered from the Active Directory® forest.

Note

For recovery in the second phase only: If you are going to restore this domain controller on the second phase later, select the Keep this domain controller in the project option. For details, see Phased recovery.

Do nothing

This recovery method does not perform any actions on the domain controller and does not remove it. This method is available only if the Repromotion recovery mode is selected on the Recovery Mode tab of Recovery Project Settings. For details, see Phased recovery.

Adjust to Active Directory® changes

This recovery method is available and selected automatically when the domain controller is a Global Catalog server and belongs to the excluded domain, and either Rebuild GC, advertise normally or Rebuild GC, advertise fast is checked on the Global Catalog tab of the project settings. You can suppress any of the first two options using advanced settings.

How the Adjust to Active Directory changes method works:

  1. The agent removes lingering objects from other recovered domains, if any, using the Repadmin tool.

  2. If the previous step fails, the agent performs unhost and rehost of recovered domain partitions using the Repadmin tool.

  3. Only if both previous steps fails, the agent rebuilds Global Catalog on this domain without attempts to remove lingering objects. In case of full reset of Global Catalog, the replication of Global Catalog data may require additional time.

Restore SYSVOL

Restores contents of the SYSVOL share on the specified domain controllers. Read-only domain controllers (RODC) will be restored as well.

This method can be set only on the Recovery Mode tab of Recovery Project Settings. For details, see Recovering SYSVOL.

Options

Computer Access area

Allows you to specify the user name and password that will be used by RMAD to access domain controllers in the domain. This area has the following text boxes:

Target computer - Using this option you can specify the IP address for the target computer where Active Directory® will be installed. Only for the Install Active Directory® From Media, Install Active Directory®, and Restore to Clean OS methods.

What does Source DC mean? When performing a verification for one of the following recovery methods, Install Active Directory From Media, Install Active Directory, or Restore to Clean OS, if a target IP address is not supplied, then the currently selected DC’s address will be used, and the Source DC placeholder will be displayed in the Target computer text box. Using the source DC's address is only applicable during verification; when performing a restoration a valid target computer IP address must be supplied.

Note

The credentials used to access the Source DC to install the Forest Recovery Agent, RMAD will first try what is provided in the Local user name and Local user password fields on the general tab. If Local user name fails, RMAD will then try to install the agent using the Domain user name.

Use default access credentials - This option lets you use the default domain credentials to access domain controllers. To configure the default domain access credentials, select the option and press the view link that opens Recovery Project Settings. For more details, see Specifying recovery project settings. If the option is not selected, you can specify domain access credentials and DSRM password in the Domain Controller Access section. Otherwise, the Domain Controller Access section is not active.

Domain User name and Domain User password - Allows you to specify the user name and password with which RMAD will perform the following operations:

  • install, upgrade and check the Forest Recovery Agent

  • purge Kerberos tickets

  • manage FSMO roles

  • manage DNS client settings

  • manage Global Catalog servers

  • check forest health

These credentials are not used to access domain controllers during the project verification and forest recovery. Forest Recovery Agent uses RPC over SSL for communication. To get more details, see Managing Forest Recovery Agent.

CAUTION

The password for the specified account will be reset to the value specified in the project during the restore process. Make sure that the specified account existed in Active Directory® at the time of the creation of the selected backup - the backup can be selected by a user or by the specified backup criteria. Otherwise, the password will not be reset.

Local user name - Allows you to specify the local user name with which you want RMAD to access the selected domain controllers in Directory Services Restore Mode (DSRM).

Local user password - Allows you to specify the password for the local user account.

Allows you to specify the local user and password to be used by RMAD during the domain controller (DC) recovery.

DSRM administrator - Allows you to specify the user name with which you want RMAD to access the selected domain controllers in Directory Services Restore Mode (DSRM).

Set DSRM password and Confirm DSRM password

Allows you to specify the DSRM password to be used by RMAD during the domain controller (DC) recovery.

When using these boxes, consider the current mode of the DC:

  • If the DC is already in DSRM mode. Use these boxes to specify the current password of the account you entered in the DSRM administrator text box. Otherwise, the DC recovery will fail.

  • If the DC is not in DSRM mode. Use these boxes to set a new temporary DSRM password for the account you entered in the DSRM administrator text box. RMAD will use this temporary DSRM password to restart the domain controller in DSRM during the recovery. Then, RMAD will replace this temporary password with the DSRM password stored in the backup you specified for the DC.

Target server network settings - Allows you to specify network settings applied to the recovered machine.

  • IP Address

  • Subnet mask

  • Default gateway

  • DNS Server

  • Only for the Bare Metal Active Directory Recovery method - The network and DNS settings will be retrieved automatically from the BMR backup for the Bare Metal Active Directory Recovery method. If you need to edit the settings, click Change and specify the following options:

  • Retrieve network and DNS settings from a backup (used by default) - This option gets network settings for the selected domain controller from the backup

  • Use the following address - This option lets you specify network settings manually.

  • Select a DNS server automatically - If this option is selected, DNS server will be selected automatically.

  • Use the specified DNS server - This option lets you specify one DNS server or a list of DNS servers separated by semicolons.

NAT settings - This option lets you access recovered domain controllers that are located outside the network where RMAD is installed. *Only for the Bare Metal Active Directory Recovery method

Additional Settings area

This area has the following options:

  • Install the domain controller as a read-only - Use this option to install Read-Only Domain Controller(RODC) for Install Active Directory and Reinstall Active Directory recovery methods. This option will be selected by default if the original DC was read-only. Note that a read-only DC can be installed using a backup created only from the RODC. For more details, see Recovering read-only domain controllers (RODCs).

  • Configure the domain controller as a global catalog server - Use this option if you need to reconfigure the global catalog on the domain controller during Active Directory® reinstallation. This option will be selected by default if the original DC was a global catalog.

  • Preferred DNS server - Allows you specify a preferred DNS server for the domain controller during its recovery. For more information, see Assigning a preferred DNS server during recovery.

Elements in the Backup, Access Credentials and Install Active Directory parameters areas

Use backup criteria to automatically select a backup - Allows you to automatically select a backup file that meets particular criteria. To specify your criteria, click the Backup Criteria button on the toolbar.

Backup - Displays the path and name of the currently selected backup file from which the domain controller will be restored. To manually select a backup file, make sure the Use backup criteria to automatically select a backup check box is cleared, and then click the Select button.

Backup password - Allows you to type the password to open a password-protected backup.

Temporary backup folder - Here you can specify the folder on the domain controller to store temporary forest backup data.

Access Credentials - Allows you to enter the user name and password with which you want to access the location that holds the backup specified in the Backup file box. The account you specify must have Read access to that location. For BMR backups, the account you specify must have Read and Write access to that location.

Wipe all disks on the target machine before restore from the backup - If this option is selected, RMAD performs the DiskPart "clean all" command before recreating the disks. This command removes all partitions and cleans all disk sectors. The "Wipe all disks…" operation significantly increases the time of the restore process. *Only for the Bare Metal Active Directory Recovery method

Scan the selected backup (and Active Directory backup if applicable) for malware during the project verification - This option allows you to run antivirus checks for backups as a part of the settings verification process.

Restore from Active Directory Backup - This option allows you to restore the latest Active Directory and Registry data from the Active Directory® backup. *Only for the Bare Metal Active Directory Recovery method.

DIT database path - Specifies the location of the DIT database. *Only for the Install Active Directory From Media and Install Active Directory methods.

Log files path - Specifies the location of Log files. *Only for the Install Active Directory From Media and Install Active Directory methods.

SYSVOL path - Specifies the location of SYSVOL. *Only for the Install Active Directory From Media and Install Active Directory methods.

 

Advanced Actions tab

You can use this tab to make choices for scanning of malware or server maintenance during recovery. RMAD does not scan and remediate with this feature. The feature pauses the recovery during Directory Services Restore mode (DSRM) before the domain controller is restarted into normal mode allowing users to perform maintenance and run their own scans using third party tools and/or remediate if malware found.

The choices are:

  • Scan the selected backup with Microsoft Defender Antivirus during the project verification.

  • Pause recovery in DSRM to perform additional actions before booting to normal mode.

During the pause you have an option to run a script and quarantine files.

Pause recovery in DSRM to perform additional actions before booting to normal mode can be enabled for specific domain controllers by selecting the option from the Advanced Action tab from each domain controller in the project, or for all domain controllers in the entire domain/forest.



To select all of the domain controllers in a domain or forest to be paused during recovery in DSRM mode, select Configure by domain and select a domain or multiple domains within the forest. To configure Run Script, Quarantine Files, Do Not Recover select any or all of the three and click on the Configure button.




Run Script

In addition to pausing, you can run a Powershell script on the domain controller after restoring Active Directory data from a backup.

On the top of the dialog, note the title Configure Advance Actions for: which states the name of the domain you have selected and where the script will be applied.

There is a check box that can be selected to apply this script to all domains.

The script, for example, could be used to inspect SYSVOL, looking for any file extension that is executable (.exe, .dll, .bat, .cmd, .ps1, etc.), and then renaming by adding an extension that is not executable. The script can be used to perform any tasks on the domain controller after it is recovered from the backup.

A sample script can be found in C:\Program Files\Quest\Recovery Manager for Active Directory Forest Edition\DefaultAdvancedActions.ps1




The script executes right after the backup has been restored in DSRM mode and just before the reboot into normal mode. Essentially at the same time when recovery can be paused with the checkbox on DC properties.

The DSRM pause is after the scripts run and pauses the reboot to the normal mode step.

As with any other Forest Recovery agent operation, the script runs under the SYSTEM security context. Since the Domain Controller is in DSRM mode, you cannot use a script to enable accounts.

Quarantine Files

You can also quarantine files on the domain controller after restoring Active Directory data from a backup.

NOTE

The quarantine feature works on backup files and doesn't affect anything that might exist in SYSVOL. For example, if you create a backup (.bkf file) then add some files to SYSVOL, then run a recovery. The files added after the initial backup will still exist in SYSVOL. Usually, if your DC is infected, you should use Recovery to clean OS where the SYSVOL is empty. The quarantine feature does exactly what it says, when restoring data from a backup, it makes a decision what to do with each file in the backup: restore it to its original location; rename it; restore it to a different location; or do not restore it. This happens for every type of SYSVOL recovery from the backup (.bkf) file, including forest recovery and SYSVOL recovery mode. The backup is written into the current folder/file structure of SYSVOL folder while it may contain unwanted files.


On the top of the dialog, note the title Configure Advance Actions for: which states the name of the domain you have selected and where the quarantine will be applied.

There is a check box that can be selected to apply this quarantine to all domains.

The list of file extensions is loaded from the file:

C:\Program Files\Quest\Recovery Manager for Active Directory Forest Edition\DefaultQuarantineFilters.txt


Click on the Show Files button to see a list of malicious files that will be automatically included in the quarantine rules (for both Quarantine Files and Do Not Recover tabs).






Malicious files are shown for each backup selected for a domain controller, and the list can be grouped and/or sorted by SYSVOL File Path and Domain Controller. A list of the files is also included in the Forest Recovery Report, click View | Report….







SYSVOL_Quarantined is created with the file detected as malicious by the antivirus.

In PowerShell, quarantine rules can be configured as follows:

$quarantineRule = (Get-RMADFEDomain -Domain "rmad.local").QuarantineSysvolFiles
$quarantineRule.IsEnabled = $true
$quarantineRule.MaliciousFiles = $false
$quarantineRule.SpecifiedFiles = $true
$quarantineRule.Filters = @("*.exe")
$quarantineRule.Exclusions = @("*\scripts\config\setup\*")
$quarantineRule.RenameFiles = $true
$quarantineRule.RenameSuffix = "_INFECTED"
$quarantineRule.MoveFiles = $false
Set-RMADFEDomain -Domain "rmad.local" -QuarantineSysvolFiles $quarantineRule






Do Not Recover

You can specify specific files from being restored from a backup.

On the top of the dialog, note the title Configure Advance Actions for: which states the name of the domain you have selected and where the Do Not Recover will be applied.

There is a check box that can be selected to apply this Do Not Recover to all domains.

When a domain is selected the Pause recovery in DSRM to perform additional actions before booting to normal mode is no longer available on each domain controller for the selected domain, and The option is managed by domain settings is displayed.


NOTE

When the Pause recovery in DSRM option is managed by domain settings, it applies to all domain controllers in the project for the selected domain. When enabled for entire domain, you can not individually enable the pause recovery in DSRM option for specific domain controllers. To do so, within Configure by Domain, unselect the domain(s). After a domain is unselected, within the project select each Domain Controller the pause is required for. From the Advanced Actions tab, select to enable Pause recovery in DSRM to perform additional actions before booting to normal mode.


To Resume recovery when paused, select all or individual domain controllers in the recovery project. There are two choices which can be made:

  • ​Resources/Images/ResumeAll.png Resume All DCs which allows the resume function of all Domain Controllers in the recovery.
  • Resources/Images/Resume.png Resume Selected DCs which will only allow the resume for the selected Domain Controllers.

Otherwise the Resume button will be unavailable.

 

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