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NetVault Plug-in for Oracle 7.1 - User Guide

Introducing Dell™ NetVault™ Backup Plug‑in for Oracle® Defining a backup strategy Installing and removing the plug-in Configuring the plug-in Backing up data Using the Oracle Flashback Database Restoring data
Restoring and recovering data – an overview Performing User Managed restores Using advanced User Managed restore procedures Performing RMAN restores Using RMAN types of recovery in a non-RAC environment Using advanced procedures with RMAN restores
Maintaining the Recovery Catalog Using the RMAN CLI Using the Plug-in with Oracle RAC Using the Plug-inin a failover cluster environment Using the plug-in with Oracle Data Guard Troubleshooting Glossary About Dell

Prerequisites for CLI-based backups and restores

The steps described in the following sections must be performed before initiating backups or restores from the command line:
•
Verifying that the proper RMAN executable is in use (Linux only)
•
Ensuring an “SBT_TAPE” channel is established
•
Running the NetVault Backup ‘nvpluginaccess’ utility
Verifying that the proper RMAN executable is in use (Linux only)
Various installations of Linux include more than one executable named as rman. Because of this, you must verify that the correct Oracle RMAN application is started when you issue the rman command at the prompt. This can be done by making the path to the Oracle RMAN executable ($ORACLE_HOME/bin) as the first search path in the PATH environmental variable.
Ensuring an “SBT_TAPE” channel is established
Plug‑in for Oracle uses an Oracle “SBT_TAPE” channel to conduct backups of an Oracle database. SBT is commonly used to specify a destination for RMAN commands used to back up to tape media. For complete information on establishing this type of channel for use, refer to Configuring and Allocating Channels for Use in Backups in the Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Advanced User’s Guide.
 
 
*IMPORTANT: Jobs that are generated using the RMAN CLI cannot be re-run using the NetVault Backup WebUI. The RMAN CLI command (that is the RMAN script) is not sent from the RMAN CLI application back to NetVault Backup. Consequently, if you select Run Now on the Job Status page, the job will fail.
Running the NetVault Backup ‘nvpluginaccess’ utility
If the password for the NetVault Backup default user has been set or a non-default NetVault Backup user is used to run the backup and restore, you must execute the nvpluginaccess utility on the NetVault Backup Server and obtain the necessary security clearance for the plug-in to perform CLI backups and restores.
The nvpluginaccess utility is available in the “util” directory on the NetVault Backup Server.
To run this utility
1
Initiate a command line session, and navigate to the “util” directory:
•
On Linux/UNIX, the “util” directory is in “…/netvault/util”
•
On Windows, the “util” directory is in “…\NetVault\util”
where “…” represents the path to the NetVault Backup Server installation directory.
2
Execute the following commands:
nvpluginaccess -remove -client <Client Machine Name>
nvpluginaccess -client <Client Machine Name> -account <username>
where <Client Machine Name> is the name of the NetVault Backup Client machine on which the plug-in is installed and <username> is the NetVault Backup user who will perform the backups and restores.
Example:
nvpluginaccess -client DB_Server -account default
3
When the list of available plug-ins appears, enter the number that corresponds to the plug-in (“Oracle RMAN Plug-in”), and press Enter.
4
When the password prompt appears, enter the password for the specified NetVault Backup account.
A confirmation message will appear stating that access has been granted for the specified NetVault Backup Client.
5
Verify that the nvpluginaccess utility has been correctly configured by reviewing the contents of the “hookplugs.cfg” file located in the “config” directory:
•
On Linux/UNIX, the “config” directory is in “…/netvault/config”
•
On Windows, the “config” directory is in “…\NetVault\config”
where “…” represents the path to the NetVault Backup Server installation directory.
The following entry in the “hookplugs.cfg” file corresponds to the preceding example.
[DB_SERVER]
Plug-ins=Oracle Rman!,Oracle Rman Plug-in
Account=default
Password=%G59j$#
 
 
*NOTE: The Password field in the “hookplugs.cfg” file contains an encrypted view of the password. The actual password is not displayed.

Performing CLI-based backups

The following sections provide information for performing CLI-based backups:
•
Example of a basic CLI backup
•
Additional parameters: the “format” clause
•
Additional parameters: the “send” and “PARMS” clauses
•
Querying the NetVault Backup media name
Example of a basic CLI backup
This section shows how to take a full backup of the “USERS” tablespace using RMAN commands:
1
Log on to the Oracle Database Server, and initiate a terminal session.
2
From the prompt, generate a “Run Block” as follows:
run {
allocate channel c1 device type 'SBT_TAPE';
backup
tablespace USERS;
release channel c1;
}
The preceding commands are the minimum required to perform a CLI-based backup. The plug-in provides several additional parameters that can be used to set different options for a CLI backup job. The sections that follow provide a description of these parameters.

Additional parameters: the &quot;format&quot; clause

The “format” clause specifies the pattern to use in creating a file name for the backup pieces or image copies that it creates. The plug-in provides additional parameters that can be used as variables along with the “format” clause. These variables let you specify three parameters for a backup job:
•
Server Name
•
Target Set
•
Advanced Options Set
The “format” clause is used within a run block and is specified immediately after the “backup” command in the syntax. (Note that use of the additional colon before the “%d_%s_%t” variable is required, and that use of the “%d_%s_%t” variable is critical because Oracle will usually generate a unique string that can be used to identify the separate backup segments in the NetVault Backup Media Manager.)
run {
allocate channel c1 type 'SBT_TAPE';
backup
format '<Variable_1>:<Variable_2>:<Variable_3>::%d_%s_%t'
tablespace USERS;
release channel c1;
Specific variables are included with this clause, each following a designated sequence (for example, “<Variable_1>”, “<Variable_2>”, and “<Variable_3>”). Each corresponds to specific NetVault Backup and RMAN values, and all are outlined in the following table. Ensure that each variable in the command is separated by a colon (“:”) and that a second colon is inserted before the “%d_%s_%t” variable.
 
Table 4. Variables
Variable
Description
<Variable_1>
NetVault Backup Server Name – The NetVault Backup Machine Name of the NetVault Backup Server from which you will run the backup job. This is a required value.
<Variable_2>
Target Set Name – To target a specific device during backup, specify a Target Set created for use with Oracle RMAN backups. (Leave this option blank if you want to use NetVault Backup’s default setting of “Any Device.”) This option will override the Target Set specified on the Configure dialog. For more information on Target Sets, refer to the discussion of Selection Sets in the Dell NetVault Backup Administrator’s Guide.
<Variable_3>
Advanced Options Set Name – Specify an Advanced Options Set created for use with Oracle RMAN backups. (Leave this option blank if you want to use NetVault Backup’s default Advanced Options settings.) This option will override the Advanced Options Set specified on the Configure dialog.
When defining the CLI Backup Advanced Options Set, the Discard After Days/Weeks/Years option must be specified instead of Discard After Full Backups in the Backup Life section of the Advanced Options tab. CLI-based RMAN backups do not support backup-life generation for Full Backups, and backups might expire unexpectedly if the Discard After Full Backups option is specified. For more information on Advanced Option Sets, refer to the discussion of Selection Sets in the Dell NetVault Backup Administrator’s Guide.
“%d_%s_%t”
These values pertain to unique RMAN identifiers (that is, they are Oracle environmental variables). Oracle uses this variable to generate a unique string that can be used to identify the separate backup segments in the NetVault Backup Media Manager.
•
%d – Specifies the name of the database.
•
%s – Specifies the number of the backup set. This number is a counter in the Control File that is incremented for each backup set. The counter value starts at 1 and is unique for the lifetime of the Control File. If you restore a Backup Control File, duplicate values can result. Also, the “CREATE CONTROLFILE” command initializes the counter back to one.
•
%t – Specifies the timestamp of the backup set, which is a 4-byte value derived as the number of seconds elapsed since a fixed reference time. The combination of this variable and the “%t” variable can be used to form a unique name for the backup set.

Additional parameters: the &quot;send&quot; and &quot;PARMS&quot; clauses

The parameters described in this section can be used either with the “send” or the “PARMS” command to set up the NetVault Backup options for a backup job run from the command line. This section describes how the “send” and the “PARMS” clauses work.
•
“send” clause – The parameters specified with the “send” clause are applied to a specific job.
send '<Variable>=<Value>';
The following shows an example:
run { allocate channel ch1 type 'SBT_TAPE'
send 'NV_TARGET_MEDIA=Mid' }
run { allocate channel ch2 }
In this example, the “NV_TARGET_MEDIA” command will affect only the “SBT_TAPE” Channel “ch1”.
The “send” clause is used within a run block and is specified immediately after the “allocate” command in the syntax.
run {
allocate channel c1 type 'SET_TAPE';
send 'NV_VERIFICATION=TRUE';
backup
tablespace USERS;
release channel c1;
•
“PARMS” clause – The parameters specified with the “PARMS” clause are applied to all the jobs run from the Oracle Instance.
PARMS="ENV=(<Variable>=<Value>)"
The following shows an example:
run { allocate channel ch1 type 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS="ENV=(NV_TARGET_MEDIA=Mid)" }
run { allocate channel ch2 }
In this example, the “NV_TARGET_MEDIA” command will affect the “SBT_TAPE” Channel “ch1” and any other channels set in the other run blocks.
The “PARMS” clause is used within a run block and is specified immediately after the “allocate” command in the syntax.
run {
allocate channel c1 type 'SBT_TAPE'
PARMS="ENV=(NV_VERIFICATION=TRUE)";
backup
tablespace USERS;
release channel c1;
Variables available with “send” and “PARMS”
The following table describes the variables available for use with the “send” and “PARMS” clauses:
 
Table 5. Variables
Variable
Description
NETVAULTCLIACCOUNT
NETVAULTCLIPASSWORD
You can use these variables to set the NetVault Backup user and password that will perform the backup or restore. These variables must be set when a password has been defined for the default NetVault Backup user or a non-default user will perform the backup or restore.
Example:
send 'NETVAULTCLIACCOUNT=default';
send 'NETVAULTCLIPASSWORD=<password>';
PARMS="ENV=(NETVAULTCLIACCOUNT=default, NETVAULTCLIPASSWORD=<password>)";
NOTE: Use of the NETVAULTCLIPASSWORD variable is a security risk. As an alternative, Dell recommends using the nvpluginaccess utility described in Running the NetVault Backup ‘nvpluginaccess’ utility. If the NETVAULTCLIPASSWORD variable is implemented, it will display the NetVault Backup password in plain text.
NV_ADVANCED_OPTIONS_SET
You can use this variable to specify a template for an Advanced Options Set created for use with Oracle RMAN CLI backups to target a specific set of NetVault Backup Advanced Options during backup. Note that this parameter will override the Advanced Options Set that you specified on the Configure dialog.
Example:
send 'NV_ADVANCED_OPTIONS_SET= my_advanced_options_set_name';
PARMS="ENV=(NV_ADVANCED_OPTIONS_SET=my_advanced_options_set_name)";
For more information on Advanced Option Sets, refer to the discussion of Selection Sets in the Dell NetVault Backup Administrator’s Guide.
NOTE: Due to ambiguity resolution, NetVault Backup does not support specifying a template of an Advanced Options Set while simultaneously specifying individual Advanced Options (for example, NV_VERIFICATION). If this is attempted from the RMAN CLI prompt, the backup job might fail and the error message might indicate what occurred.
NV_AUTO_LABEL_MEDIA
You can use this variable to label and use any blank media automatically when no other media is available for the job. The permissible values are:
•
True
•
False
Example:
send 'NV_AUTO_LABEL_MEDIA=TRUE';
PARMS="ENV= (NV_AUTO_LABEL_MEDIA=TRUE)";
NV_BACKUP_LIFE
You can use this variable to control how long a backup will exist on its target media. The permissible values are:
•
count {full | days | weeks | years}
The parameters within curly braces are optional. Count followed by full determines the number of generations that the backup is kept. This is the default parameter (that is, if nothing is specified with count, the number of backup generations is considered for the backup life). Days, weeks, or years represents the number of days, weeks, or years that the backup is kept before it is discarded.
Example:
send 'NV_BACKUP_LIFE=2';
PARMS="ENV=(NV_BACKUP_LIFE=2)";
NV_BACKUP_SERVER
You can use this variable with the “PARMS” clause to establish the default NetVault Backup Server for an entire Oracle Instance.
Example:
PARMS="ENV=(NV_BACKUP_SERVER=NVSERVER)"
NV_GROUP_LABEL
You can use this variable to select a specific group of media based on its group label. This variable must be used in conjunction with the “NV_TARGET_MEDIA” variable; otherwise, it will have no effect.
Example:
send 'NV_TARGET_MEDIA=Group Label, NV_GROUP_LABEL=Group_2';
PARMS="ENV=(NV_TARGET_MEDIA=Group Label,NV_GROUP_LABEL=Group_2)";
NV_JOB_PRIORITY
You can use this variable to set the NetVault Backup Job Priority for the CLI task. The value input can range from 1 (highest priority) to 100 (lowest priority). If this parameter is not specified, the default job priority is 30.
Example:
send 'NV_JOB_PRIORITY=5';
PARMS="ENV=(NV_JOB_PRIORITY=5)";
NV_JOB_TITLE
You can use this variable to assign a title to the job. Dell recommends that only use this variable with the “send” command on a per job basis (that is, to avoid the chance of all future jobs being labeled with this Job Title, when applied with the “PARMS” clause).
Example:
send 'NV_JOB_TITLE=Backup_1';
NV_MID_LABEL
You can use this variable to select a specific piece of media based on its media label. This variable must be used in conjunction with the “NV_TARGET_MEDIA” variable; otherwise, it will have no effect.
Example:
send 'NV_TARGET_MEDIA=Mid, NV_MID_LABEL=Media_1';
PARMS="ENV=(NV_TARGET_MEDIA=Mid, NV_MID_LABEL=Media_1)"
NV_NETWORK_COMPRESSION
You can use this variable to compress backup data before it is transferred over the network (that is, in the same manner as the Advanced Options tab’s “Network Compression” option). The permissible values are:
•
True
•
False
Example:
send 'NV_NETWORK_COMPRESSION=True';
PARMS="ENV=(NV_NETWORK_COMPRESSION=False)";
NV_ORIGINAL_NV_CLIENT
You can use this variable with the “PARMS” clause to establish the machine name of the original NetVault Backup Client Machine Name where the backup was performed from.
Example:
PARMS="ENV=(NV_ORIGINAL_NV_CLIENT= <nv_client_machine_name>)"
NV_POSTSCRIPT
You can use this variable to run a script after completion of a backup job. The script to be run must be saved in the “…\netvault\scripts” subdirectory on the Oracle Database Server (where “…” refers to the complete path to the installation of NetVault Backup).
Example:
send 'NV_POSTSCRIPT=C:\NetVault\scripts\p2.txt';
PARMS="ENV=(NV_POSTSCRIPT=p2.txt)";
NV_PRESCRIPT
You can use this variable to run a script before a backup job. The script to be run must be saved in the “…\netvault\scripts” subdirectory on the Oracle Database Server (where “…” refers to the complete path to the installation of NetVault Backup).
Example:
send 'NV_PRESCRIPT=C:\NetVault\scripts\p1.txt';
PARMS="ENV=(NV_PRESCRIPT=p1.txt)";
NV_RESET_ENV_PARMS
You can use this variable to reset the Oracle environment after the “PARMS” clause has been used in the run block.
Example:
send 'NV_RESET_ENV_PARMS=TRUE'
PARMS="ENV=(NV_RESET_ENV_PARMS=TRUE)"
NV_REUSE_MEDIA
You can use this variable to set a specific media as reusable. The permissible values are:
•
Never
•
Any
•
With same group label as target media
If the value is set as Never, no media marked for reuse is used for the backup. With the parameter set as Any, any media previously marked for reuse is considered for the backup. If the value is set as With same group label as the target media, any media containing the specified group label that has been previously marked for reuse is considered for the backup.
Example:
send 'NV_REUSE_MEDIA=Any';
PARMS="ENV=(NV_REUSE_MEDIA=Any)";
NV_RESTORE_SOURCE_SET
You can use this variable to specify a Restore Device Source Set created for use with Oracle RMAN CLI restores, which lets you target a specific NetVault Backup set of devices and device options during a restore. Do not use this option if you want to use the default NetVault Backup setting of Any Device.
NOTE: To use this variable, you must specify a Restore Device Source Set that was created from the Restore Source option on the Restore Options tab. Do not use NetVault Backup Backup Target Sets. A NetVault Backup Backup Target Set is used to specify target devices during a backup. A NetVault Backup Restore Source Set is used to specify a set of source devices and devices options during a restore.
You can set this variable through the “send” or “PARMS” clause in the RMAN CLI.
•
Using “send” – The specified parameters apply only to a specific job.

send '<Variable>=<Value>';
Example:
run {
allocate channel ch1 type 'sbt_tape';
send 'NV_RESTORE_SOURCE_SET=
my_device_options_source_set_name';
restore tablespace 'TEST1';
}
•
Using “PARMS” – The specified parameters apply to all jobs run from the Oracle Instance.

PARMS="ENV=(<Variable>=<Value>)
Example:
run {
allocate channel ch1 type 'sbt_tape'
PARMS="ENV=(NV_RESTORE_SOURCE_SET=
my_device_options_source_set_name)";
restore tablespace 'TEST1';
}
NV_SCHEDULE_SET
You can use this variable to specify a Schedule Set created for use with Oracle RMAN CLI backups to specify or reuse a pre-existing schedule set during backup.
Example:
send 'NV_SCHEDULE_SET=my_schedule_set';
PARMS="ENV=(NV_SCHEDULE_SET=my_schedule_set)";
For more information on Schedule Sets, refer to the Dell NetVault Backup Administrator’s Guide.
NV_TARGET_MEDIA
You can use this variable to set the media in the targeted device. The permissible values are:
•
Any not in a group – To target any media that does not have a Group Label assigned to it.
•
Any – To target any available media.
•
MID – To target a specific piece of media based on its media label (in which case the NV_MID_LABEL variable has to accompany this variable, and the applicable piece of media must be named).
•
Group Label – To target the media within a specific group based on its Group Label (in which case the NV_GROUP_LABEL variable has to accompany this variable, and the applicable Group Label must be named).
Example:
send 'NV_TARGET_MEDIA=Any';
PARMS="ENV=(NV_TARGET_MEDIA=Mid, NV_MID_LABEL=Media_1)";
NV_TARGET_SET
You can use this variable to specify a Target Set created for use with Oracle RMAN CLI backups to target a specific NetVault Backup device during backup. (Ignore this option if you want to use the NetVault Backup default setting of “Any Device.”) Note that this parameter will override the Target Set specified on the Configure dialog.
Example:
send 'NV_TARGET_SET=my_target_set_name';
PARMS='ENV=(NV_TARGET_SET=my_target_set_name)";
For more information on Target Sets, refer to the discussion of Selection Sets in the Dell NetVault Backup Administrator’s Guide.
NV_VERIFICATION
You can use this variable to verify completion of a backup job. The permissible values are:
•
True
•
False
If set to True, the data transfer is checked and a job message is added to the NetVault Backup Job log stating “Backup job has verified successfully.”
Example:
send 'NV_VERIFICATION=TRUE';
PARMS="ENV=(NV_VERIFICATION=TRUE)";
Resetting the RMAN environment
After the “PARMS” clause has been used, you can use either of the following lines of syntax to reset the RMAN environment:
send 'NV_RESET_ENV_PARMS=TRUE'
PARMS="ENV=(NV_RESET_ENV_PARMS=TRUE)"
 
 
*IMPORTANT: Close any terminal session or window in which you have set the NETVAULTCLIACCOUNT and NETVAULTCLIPASSWORD variables.
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