In windows server 2012 R2 ( other windows 2012 versions may have same issue), the .NET framework 4.5.2(NDP452-KB2901907-x86-x64-AllOS-ENU.exe) cannot be installed with the error "Installation Did Not Succeed. .Net Framework 4.5.2 has not been installed because of HRESULT 0x80240017)

TO DETERMINE THE ISSUE

In the installation failure wizard, click link log file to open the install log & scroll down to the last, make sure you see errors with content:

…

Exe (C:\61b5adc9954bfb387003\x64-Windows8.1-KB2934520-x64.msu) failed with 0x80240017 - (null).

…

PerformOperation on exe returned exit code 2149842967 (translates to HRESULT = 0x80240017

…

Then open registry wizard, go to:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE -> SOFTWARE -> Microsoft -> NET Framework Setup -> NDP -> V4 -> Full, check the key Release & Version’s value, they should be "0x0005cbf2 (379890)" and "4.5.51206" respectfully.

This issue causes by that the package x64-Windows8.1-KB2934520-x64.msu already installed in the server with KB 2934520, so when you reinstall it(packaged with .NET Framework 4.5.2) it throws error code 0x80240017 which means the update is not applicable to your computer. 

To resolve this issue, we need to uninstall the KB 2934520 then reinstall the .NET 4.5.2 package. Steps as bellow:

From CMD:

1. Launch the cmd prompt
2. Input the command & press ENTER key to uninstall the KB

wusa /uninstall /kb:2934520 /forcerestart

1. After restart the server, reinstall the .NET 4.5.2 package.

From UI:

1. Launch Control Panel
2. Go to Control Panel -> Programs -> Program and Features -> View Installed updates, in the installed updates find the KB 2934520, select it & right click then click uninstall button to uninstall it.
3. After uninstall the KB then restart the server. Reinstall the .NET 4.5.2 package.