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NetVault Plug-in for Oracle 10.0.5 - User Guide

Introducing Dell™ NetVault™ Backup Plug-in for Oracle® Defining a backup strategy Installing and removing the plug-in Configuring the plug-in Backing up data Using the Oracle® Flashback Database Restoring data
Restoring and recovering data: an overview Performing User Managed restores Using advanced User Managed restore procedures Performing RMAN restores Using RMAN types of recovery in a non-RAC environment Using advanced procedures with RMAN restores
Maintaining the Recovery Catalog Using the RMAN CLI Using the Plug-in with Oracle® RAC Using the Plug-in in a failover cluster environment Using the plug-in with Oracle® Data Guard Troubleshooting Glossary

Restoring data in a RAC environment

Because RMAN is RAC-aware, it restores the selected data accordingly. With Plug‑in for Oracle installed on one of the nodes that hosts one of the instances for the RAC-enabled database, all RMAN-based restores are performed from this single installation of the plug-in. The restore process is similar to restoring single-instance, non-RAC environments, with the following exceptions:
•
During the Selecting data for a restore phase of performing RMAN restores, you might select a backup set from a node where the Oracle SID equals the Oracle® SID of the instance on which the plug-in is running. But you might also select a backup set from an Oracle SID of a different RAC node for which backups were performed previously. For more information about performing restores after a node failure, see Performing restores after node failure.
•
During the Setting restore options phase, if authentication for the target database is needed, you must set the Target Database Authentication Details to the applicable values for the local Oracle instance on which the plug-in that is performing the restore resides. For more information, see Setting Destination Details.
For more information on preparing the database for recovery, selecting data items for a restore, setting restore options, finalizing and submitting the job, and opening the database for use, see Performing RMAN restores.
 
* 
IMPORTANT: If the plug-in was relocated to an alternate node and backups were performed from multiple instances, use the current Oracle SID when selecting data on the Create Selection Set page.
The following sections outline additional types of RMAN recovery that are available in a RAC environment.
•
Recovering a Whole Database to the same RAC environment
•
Restoring SPFILE in a RAC environment
•
Restoring Control Files in a RAC environment
•
Performing disaster recovery in a RAC environment
•
Performing restores after node failure
•
Duplicating a database in a RAC environment
Recovering a Whole Database to the same RAC environment
This type of recovery is performed when the current Control File and SPFILE are intact but all the datafiles are damaged or lost. You can perform a Complete Recovery or recover the database to a specific point. Following is an overview of the process to recover the whole database in a RAC environment.
1
From a terminal window, connect as the Oracle® Software Owner to the node where Plug‑in for Oracle is installed.
2
Set the ORACLE_SID environment variable to the local instance.
export ORACLE_SID = <local_SID>
3
Start SQL*Plus, and connect with administrator privileges to the local instance.
SQLPLUS SYS AS SYSDBA
4
Shut down the local instance.
SHUTDOWN ABORT;
5
Start the local instance with the NOMOUNT option.
STARTUP FORCE NOMOUNT;
6
Disable the CLUSTER_DATABASE initialization parameter for the local instance.
ALTER SYSTEM SET CLUSTER_DATABASE=FALSE SCOPE=SPFILE SID='<local_SID>';
7
Shut down the local instance.
SHUTDOWN ABORT;
8
Exit SQL*Plus.
9
Shut down all RAC instances.
> srvctl STOP DATABASE -d <database_name> -o abort
10
Ensure that all RAC instances are shut down.
>srvctl STATUS DATABASE -d <database_name>
11
Start SQL*Plus, and connect with administrator privileges to the local instance.
SQLPLUS SYS AS SYSDBA
12
In SQL*Plus, start the local instance with the MOUNT option.
STARTUP MOUNT;
13
On the Create Restore Job — Choose Saveset page, find the latest available backup that included all the tablespaces, and click Next.
14
On the Create Selection Set page, select the Whole Database node, and click Edit Plugin Options.
15
Click the Restore Options tab, and select the applicable options:
•
To include read-only datafiles in the restore and recovery process, select Check Read-Only Datafiles and Restore if Necessary and Check Read-Only Datafiles and Recover if Not Current. The read-only files are included only if they are needed to complete recovery. If they are not damaged, RMAN omits them.
•
To delete the restored archive logs that Oracle deems unnecessary, select the Delete Archive Logs No Longer Needed option.
16
To perform recovery on the database (that is, to reconstruct the database up to the current or specified point), select one of the following options on the Perform Recovery tab:
•
Perform Complete Recovery: Recovers the database to the current time, that is, to the last committed transaction available in the archived and online redo logs.
•
Perform Database Point-in-Time Recovery: Recovers the database to a specific point whether it be a specific time, log sequence number, or SCN.
17
On the Recovery Catalog tab, select the Use Catalog option, and specify the Recovery Catalog connection details.
18
Complete the Target Client, Schedule, and Advanced Options tabs, and submit the job.
RMAN automatically chooses the best available full, incremental, or Archived Log backups, and restores and recovers the database.
19
From a terminal window, connect as the Oracle Software Owner to the node where Plug‑in for Oracle is installed.
20
Start SQL*Plus, and connect with administrator privileges to the local instance.
SQLPLUS SYS AS SYSDBA
21
Enable the CLUSTER_DATABASE initialization parameter for the local instance.
ALTER SYSTEM SET CLUSTER_DATABASE=TRUE SCOPE=SPFILE SID='<local_SID>';
22
Shut down the local instance.
SHUTDOWN ABORT;
23
Exit SQL*Plus.
24
Start all RAC instances.
>srvctl START DATABASE -d <database_name>
25
Start all RAC Services.
>srvctl START SERVICE -d <database_name>
26
Ensure that all RAC instances are running.
>srvctl STATUS DATABASE -d <database_name>
 
* 
IMPORTANT: After completing a restore of the Whole Database, Dell recommends that you perform a Full or Incremental Level 0 backup with the entire database selected on the NetVault Backup Selections page.

Restoring SPFILE in a RAC environment

Because Control File Autobackups are a prerequisite in a multi-instance RAC environment, the SPFILE is backed up with the Control File whenever an Autobackup is performed. The SPFILE is restored from the Autobackup to the default location (for more information, see the following steps). If the instance is already started with the server parameter file, you cannot overwrite the existing server parameter file. For more information on restoring an SPFILE to a non-default location, see the Oracle® Database Backup and Recovery Basics guide.
1
From a terminal window, connect as the Oracle Software Owner to the node where Plug‑in for Oracle is installed.
2
Set the ORACLE_SID environment variable to the local instance.
export ORACLE_SID = <local_SID>
3
Start SQL*Plus, and connect with administrator privileges to the local instance.
SQLPLUS SYS AS SYSDBA
4
Shut down the local instance.
SHUTDOWN ABORT;
5
Start the local instance with the NOMOUNT option.
STARTUP FORCE NOMOUNT;
6
Disable the CLUSTER_DATABASE initialization parameter for the local instance.
ALTER SYSTEM SET CLUSTER_DATABASE=FALSE SCOPE=SPFILE SID='<local_SID>';
7
Shut down the local instance.
SHUTDOWN ABORT;
8
Exit SQL*Plus.
9
Shut down all RAC instances.
>srvctl STOP DATABASE -d <database_name> -o abort
10
Ensure that all RAC instances are shut down.
>srvctl STATUS DATABASE -d <database_name>
11
Start RMAN, and connect to the target database and Recovery Catalog.
>rman TARGET / CATALOG rman/<password>@<connect_identifier for catalog>
12
Start the local instance with the FORCE NOMOUNT option.
STARTUP FORCE NOMOUNT;
13
Set the database identifier for the target database with SET DBID.
RMAN displays the DBID whenever you connect to the target. You can also obtain it by inspecting saved RMAN log files, querying the Catalog, or looking at the filenames of Control File Autobackup. The DBID is also available on the Details dialog box or the Backup Contents tab.
SET DBID <DBID>;
14
Restore the SPFILE Autobackup.
If you are restoring the SPFILE to the default location, run:
RUN {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH1 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';
RESTORE SPFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP;
}
15
Start the instance with the FORCE option.
STARTUP FORCE;
16
Exit RMAN.
17
Start SQL*Plus, and connect with administrator privileges to the local instance.
SQLPLUS SYS AS SYSDBA
18
Enable the CLUSTER_DATABASE initialization parameter for the local instance.
ALTER SYSTEM SET CLUSTER_DATABASE=TRUE SCOPE=SPFILE SID='<local_SID>';
19
Shut down the local instance.
SHUTDOWN ABORT;
20
Exit SQL*Plus.
21
Start all RAC instances.
>srvctl START DATABASE -d <database_name>
22
Start all RAC Services.
>srvctl START SERVICE -d <database_name>
23
Ensure that all RAC instances are running.
>srvctl STATUS DATABASE -d <database_name>

Restoring Control Files in a RAC environment

Restoring the Control File should only be performed in the following cases:
•
All current copies of the Control File have been lost due to a media failure or accidental user deletion, or have become corrupted and are not usable.
•
Oracle® Customer Support has advised that a Control File restore is required.
Because Control File Autobackups are a prerequisite in a multi-instance RAC environment, perform the following steps to restore the Control Files from the Autobackup.
1
From a terminal window, connect as the Oracle Software Owner to the node where Plug‑in for Oracle is installed.
2
Set the ORACLE_SID environment variable to the local instance.
export ORACLE_SID = <local_SID>
3
Start SQL*Plus, and connect with administrator privileges to the local instance.
SQLPLUS SYS AS SYSDBA
4
Shut down the local instance.
SHUTDOWN ABORT;
5
Start the local instance with the NOMOUNT option.
STARTUP FORCE NOMOUNT;
6
Disable the CLUSTER_DATABASE initialization parameter for the local instance.
ALTER SYSTEM SET CLUSTER_DATABASE=FALSE SCOPE=SPFILE SID='<local_SID>';
7
Shut down the local instance.
SHUTDOWN ABORT;
8
Exit SQL*Plus.
9
Shut down all RAC instances.
>srvctl STOP DATABASE -d <database_name> -o abort
10
Ensure that all RAC instances are shut down.
>srvctl STATUS DATABASE -d <database_name>
11
Start RMAN, and connect to the target database.
>rman TARGET /
12
Start the local instance with the FORCE NOMOUNT option.
STARTUP FORCE NOMOUNT;
13
Set the database identifier for the target database with SET DBID.
RMAN displays the DBID whenever you connect to the target. You can also obtain it by inspecting saved RMAN log files, querying the Catalog, or looking at the filenames of Control File Autobackup. The DBID is also available on the Details dialog box or the Backup Contents tab.
SET DBID <DBID>;
14
Restore the Control File Autobackup.
If you are restoring the Control File from the last Autobackup, run:
RUN {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH1 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';
RESTORE CONTROLFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP;
ALTER DATABASE MOUNT;
RESTORE DATABASE;
RECOVER DATABASE;
}
15
Open the database with the RESETLOGS option.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
16
Exit RMAN.
17
Start SQL*Plus, and connect with administrator privileges to the local instance.
SQLPLUS SYS AS SYSDBA
18
Enable the CLUSTER_DATABASE initialization parameter for the local instance.
ALTER SYSTEM SET CLUSTER_DATABASE=TRUE SCOPE=SPFILE SID='<local_SID>';
19
Shut down the local instance.
SHUTDOWN ABORT;
20
Exit SQL*Plus.
21
Start all RAC instances.
>srvctl START DATABASE -d <database_name>
22
Start all RAC Services.
>srvctl START SERVICE -d <database_name>
23
Ensure that all RAC instances are running.
>srvctl STATUS DATABASE -d <database_name>
 
* 
IMPORTANT: After restoring a Control File from an Autobackup, Dell recommends that you perform a Full or Incremental Level 0 backup with the entire database selected on the NetVault Backup Selections page.

Performing disaster recovery in a RAC environment

Disaster recovery includes the restore and recovery of a multi-instance RAC database after a complete media failure of all the shared storage including the current Control Files, all online redo log files, all parameter files, and the Recovery Catalog. To perform a disaster recovery, you need the minimum required set of backups; the minimum includes the backups of all the datafiles, some archived redo logs generated after the time of the backup, and at least one Autobackup of the Control File.
If your goal is to create a copy of your target database for ongoing use on a standby RAC environment or independent RAC environment, do not use these procedures. Instead, use the Duplicate Database backup type, which is designed for this purpose. For more information, see Duplicating a database in a RAC environment.
 
* 
IMPORTANT: When performing a test recovery, ensure that you do not connect to the Recovery Catalog during datafile restoration. Otherwise, RMAN records information about the restored datafiles to the Recovery Catalog. This recording interferes with future attempts to restore and recover the primary database. If you must use a Recovery Catalog because the Control File is not large enough to contain the RMAN repository data on all the backups that you need to restore, export the catalog and import it into a different schema or database, and use the copied Recovery Catalog for the test restore. Otherwise, the catalog considers the restored database as the current target database.
The following procedure details the steps to perform disaster recovery to the same RAC environment where the source database resided. This procedure would be used in the scenario in which a complete media failure of the shared storage occurred and the damaged shared storage was rebuilt using the same configuration or new shared storage was configured imitating the original shared storage’s configuration.
For variations on the following disaster recovery procedure, see Performing Disaster Recovery in the Oracle® Database Backup and Recovery Advanced User’s Guide.
Prerequisites
To perform a disaster recovery without a Recovery Catalog, the following requirements must be met:
•
Oracle® RAC environment in place: You must have a properly configured Oracle RAC environment that matches the configuration as specified Performing User Managed backups. In addition, the same version of the Oracle database software must be installed in the RAC environment as it existed on the damaged RAC environment. The ORACLE_HOME should be identical on both the original and new node. You do not have to create the database, but you do need to configure Oracle Net Services and ASM for shared storage.
•
NetVault Backup software and the Plug‑in for Oracle installed: The same version of NetVault Backup software and the plug-in must be installed on one of the nodes in the RAC using the same NetVault Machine Name as previously defined for the RAC environment. Ensure that the plug-in default attributes are defined as specified in Configuring default attributes.
•
DBID of the source database identified: Identify the DBID of the damaged database. If the DBID was not recorded as part of the initial plug-in installation, you can obtain the DBID by examining the NetVault Backup binary logs for RMAN-based backups of the source database. The DBID is also available on the Details dialog box or the Backup Contents tab.
•
Default Location for SPFILE must exist: The default location in the ASM shared storage must exist before performing the following steps. Failure to ensure that the default location exists results in an ORA-17502 Failed to create file error during the SPFILE restore. Additionally, the SPFILE location should be detailed in the PFILE with the SPFILE parameter.
•
Backups of all tablespaces made available: Verify that you have the latest backups of all the tablespaces.
To perform the disaster recovery:
1
Start RMAN, and connect to the target database.
> rman TARGET /
2
Set the database identifier for the target database with SET DBID.
RMAN displays the DBID whenever you connect to the target. You can also obtain it by inspecting saved RMAN log files, querying the Catalog, or looking at the filenames of Control File Autobackup. The DBID is also available on the Details dialog box or the Backup Contents tab.
SET DBID <DBID>;
3
Start the local instance with the FORCE NOMOUNT option.
STARTUP FORCE NOMOUNT;
4
Restore the SPFILE Autobackup.
If you are restoring the SPFILE to the default location, run:
RUN {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH1 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';
RESTORE SPFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP;
}
5
Start the local instance with the FORCE NOMOUNT option.
STARTUP FORCE NOMOUNT;
6
Restore the Control File Autobackup.
If you are restoring the Control File from the last Autobackup, run:
RUN {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH1 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';
RESTORE CONTROLFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP;
}
7
Mount the database:
ALTER DATABASE MOUNT;
8
Disable Block Change Tracking.
SQL "ALTER DATABASE DISABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING";
9
On the Create Restore Job — Choose Saveset page, find the latest available backup that included all the tablespaces, and click Next.
10
On the Create Selection Set page, navigate to the source NetVault Backup Client and database, select the Whole Database node, and click Edit Plugin Options.
11
Click the Restore Options tab, and select the Check Read-Only Datafiles and Restore if Necessary and Check Read-Only Datafiles and Recover if Not Current options to include read-only datafiles in the restore and recovery process.
12
Because recovery must be performed in a disaster recovery scenario, on the Perform Recovery tab, select Perform Database Point-in-Time Recovery.
PIT Recovery recovers the database to a specific time, log sequence number, or SCN. If the specific time or log sequence of the failure is not known, Dell recommends that you use the SCN option.
13
On the Recovery Catalog tab, clear the Use Catalog option.
14
Complete the Target Client, Schedule, and Advanced Options tabs, and submit the job.
RMAN automatically chooses the best available full, incremental, or Archived Log backups and restores and recovers the database.
15
In RMAN, enable Block Change Tracking.
SQL "ALTER DATABASE ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING";
16
Update the RMAN metadata.
CROSSCHECK ARCHIVELOG ALL;
17
Exit RMAN.
18
Start all RAC instances.
>srvctl START DATABASE -d <database_name>
19
Start all RAC Services.
>srvctl START SERVICE -d <database_name>
20
Ensure that all RAC instances are running.
>srvctl STATUS DATABASE -d <database_name>
 
* 
IMPORTANT: After completing a disaster recovery, Dell recommends that you perform a Full or Incremental Level 0 backup with the entire database selected on the NetVault Backup Selections page.
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