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SharePlex 9.2.6 - Installation and Setup for Oracle on RDS

Setup for EC2 source, RDS target

In this scenario, SharePlex runs as an Amazon Machine Image instance on the EC2 service. Capture connects to the source database through TNS and the Post process connects to the RDS database through TNS.

Obtain a SharePlex instance

To obtain a SharePlex AMI instance, see Configure a SharePlex AMI instance

Log on to the SharePlex AMI instance

Always log on to the SharePlex AMI instance as the ec2-user. This user is the SharePlex Administrator. Use the following command:

ssh -i ~/.ssh/pem_file_name.pem ec2-user@IP_address/hostname

where:

  • pem_file_name is the name of the .pem file that you downloaded, which contains the private key of the security key pair.
  • IP_address/hostname is either the IPv4 public IP address or, if present, the host name that is mapped to this IP address in your domain name server or /etc/hosts file.

Create a tnsnames.ora file

On the host of the SharePlex AMI instance, create a tnsnames.ora file with entries for the source and target databases.

Important!

The tnsnames.ora file must be created in this directory: /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/network/admin.

The TNS alias cannot contain any dashes (-).

The following are examples:

source =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = yoursource.amazonaws.com) (PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME=orcl)
    )
  )
target  =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = yourtarget.amazonaws.com) (PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME=orcl)
    )
  )

Run ora_setup

  1. On the SharePlex AMI instance, run ora_setup for the source database. See the directions for running Oracle Setup in Database Setup for Oracle.

    • Reply NO to "Will SharePlex install be using a BEQUEATH connection?"
    • Reply YES to "Will the current setup for sid: SID be used as a source (including cases as source for failover or master-master setups)?"
    • Reply NO to "Are you setting up SharePlex for an RDS database?"
  2. On the SharePlex AMI instance, run ora_setup for the target database.

    • Reply NO to "Will SharePlex install be using a BEQUEATH connection?"
    • Reply YES to "Are you setting up SharePlex for an RDS database?"
    • Reply NO to "Will the current setup for sid: SID be used as a source (including cases as source for failover or master-master setups)?"

Set up remote capture

  1. On the SharePlex AMI instance, start sp_cop.
  2. Start sp_ctrl.
  3. Set the SP_OCT_OLOG_USE_OCI parameter to 1, which enables Capture to read the redo records through OCI, rather than directly from the redo files.

Set up routing in the configuration file

When you create the SharePlex configuration file, use the name of the EC2 host of the SharePlex AMI instance in the routing map so that Post runs locally. The following is an example:

datasource:o.source

splex.demo_src

splex.demo_dest

shareplex_ec2_host.amazonaws.com@o.target

Setup for RDS source, RDS target in the same region

In this scenario, SharePlex runs as an Amazon Machine Image instance on the EC2 service. Capture connects to the source database through TNS, and the Post process connects to the RDS database through TNS.

 

Obtain a SharePlex instance

Obtain a SharePlex AMI instance. See Configure a SharePlex AMI instance

Log on to the SharePlex AMI instance

Always log on to the SharePlex AMI instance as the ec2-user. This user is the SharePlex Administrator. Use the following command:

ssh -i ~/.ssh/pem_file_name.pem ec2-user@IP_address/hostname

where:

  • pem_file_name is the name of the .pem file that you downloaded, which contains the private key of the security key pair.
  • IP_address/hostname is either the IPv4 public IP address or, if present, the host name that is mapped to this IP address in your domain name server or /etc/hosts file.

Create a tnsnames.ora file

  1. On the SharePlex AMI instance, create a tnsnames.ora file with entries for the source and target databases.

    Important!

    The tnsnames.ora file must be created in this directory: /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/network/admin.

    The TNS alias cannot contain any dashes (-).

    The following are examples:

    source =
      (DESCRIPTION =
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = yoursource.amazonaws.com) (PORT = 1521))
        (CONNECT_DATA =
          (SERVICE_NAME=orcl)
        )
      )
    target  =
      (DESCRIPTION =
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = yourtarget.amazonaws.com) (PORT = 1521))
        (CONNECT_DATA =
          (SERVICE_NAME=orcl)
        )
      )
    

Run ora_setup

  1. On the SharePlex AMI instance, run ora_setup for the source database. See the directions for running Oracle Setup in Database Setup for Oracle.

    • Reply NO to "Will SharePlex install be using a BEQUEATH connection?"
    • Reply YES to "Are you setting up SharePlex for an RDS database?"
    • Reply YES to "Will the current setup for sid: SID be used as a source (including cases as source for failover or master-master setups)?"
  2. On the SharePlex AMI instance, run ora_setup for the target database.

    • Reply NO to "Will SharePlex install be using a BEQUEATH connection?"
    • Reply YES to "Are you setting up SharePlex for an RDS database?"
    • Reply NO to "Will the current setup for sid: SID be used as a source (including cases as source for failover or master-master setups)?"

Configure capture from RDS

  1. On the SharePlex AMI instance, start sp_cop.
  2. Start sp_ctrl.
  3. On the SharePlex AMI instance, set the SP_OCT_OLOG_RDS_MINER parameter to 1.

    sp_ctrl>set param SP_OCT_OLOG_RDS_MINER 1

Set up routing in the configuration file

When you create the SharePlex configuration file, use the name of the EC2 host of the SharePlex AMI instance in the routing map so that Post runs locally. The following is an example:

datasource:o.source

splex.demo_src

splex.demo_dest

shareplex_ec2_host.amazonaws.com@o.target

Setup for RDS source, RDS target in different regions

In this scenario, SharePlex runs as an EC2 Amazon Machine Image instance in two different AWS regions: one for the source database in region 1 and the other for the target database in region 2.

  • Capture (in region 1) connects through TNS only to the source database to capture redo records through a remote connection.
  • Post (in region 2) connects through TNS only to the target database to post the replicated operations through a remote connection.

Obtain SharePlex instances

Obtain two SharePlex AMI instances, one in region 1 to use as the source and the other in region 2 to use as the target. See Configure a SharePlex AMI instance.

Log on to the SharePlex AMI instances

Always log on to the SharePlex AMI instance as the ec2-user. This user is the SharePlex Administrator. Use the following command:

ssh -i ~/.ssh/pem_file_name.pem ec2-user@IP_address/hostname

where:

  • pem_file_name is the name of the .pem file that you downloaded, which contains the private key of the security key pair.
  • IP_address/hostname is either the IPv4 public IP address or, if present, the host name that is mapped to this IP address in your domain name server or /etc/hosts file.

Create the tnsnames.ora files

Important!

The tnsnames.ora file must be created in this directory: /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/network/admin.

The TNS alias cannot contain any dashes (-).

  1. On the source SharePlex AMI instance, create a tnsnames.ora file with an entry for the source database.

    The following is an example:

    source =
      (DESCRIPTION =
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = yoursource.amazonaws.com) (PORT = 1521))
        (CONNECT_DATA =
          (SERVICE_NAME=orcl)
        )
      )
    
  2. On the target SharePlex AMI instance, create a tnsnames.ora file with an entry for the target database. The tnsnames.ora file must be created in this directory: /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/network/admin.

    The following is an example:

    target  =
      (DESCRIPTION =
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = yourtarget.amazonaws.com) (PORT = 1521))
        (CONNECT_DATA =
          (SERVICE_NAME=orcl)
        )
      )
    

Run ora_setup

  1. On the source SharePlex AMI instance, run ora_setup for the source database. See the directions for running Oracle Setup in Database Setup for Oracle.

    • Reply NO to "Will SharePlex install be using a BEQUEATH connection?"
    • Reply YES to "Are you setting up SharePlex for an RDS database?"
    • Reply YES to "Will the current setup for sid: SID be used as a source (including cases as source for failover or master-master setups)?"
  2. On the target SharePlex AMI instance, run ora_setup for the target database.

    • Reply NO to "Will SharePlex install be using a BEQUEATH connection?"
    • Reply YES to "Are you setting up SharePlex for an RDS database?"
    • Reply NO to "Will the current setup for sid: SID be used as a source (including cases as source for failover or master-master setups)?"

Configure capture from RDS

  1. On the source SharePlex AMI instance, start sp_cop.
  2. Start sp_ctrl.
  3. Set the SP_OCT_OLOG_RDS_MINER parameter to 1 to enable it.

    sp_ctrl>set param SP_OCT_OLOG_RDS_MINER 1

Set up routing in the configuration file

When you create the SharePlex configuration file, create it on the source SharePlex AMI instance. Use the name of the EC2 host of the target SharePlex AMI instance in the routing map, so that Post runs on that AMI. The following is an example:

datasource:o.source

splex.demo_src

splex.demo_dest

shareplex_ec2_host.amazonaws.com@o.target

Oracle Setup (ora_setup)

Overview

Use the Database Setup utility for Oracle (ora_setup) to establish SharePlex as an Oracle user and create the required SharePlex database objects. This setup utility creates the following:

  • A SharePlex account
  • Tables and other objects for use by SharePlex and owned by the SharePlex account
  • Default connection for the SharePlex user

It is recommended that you review all of the content in this topic before running the setup utility.

Supported databases

Oracle source or target on supported platforms

When to run Oracle Setup

Whether or not to run this utility at the time of SharePlex installation depends on whether the database is a source, intermediary, or target database, and on how you intend to synchronize the data. To view the initial synchronization procedures, see the SharePlex Administration Guide.

System Type When to run Oracle Setup

Source system

During installation of SharePlex

Intermediary system An intermediary system is used in a cascading configuration, where SharePlex replicates data to a remote system (or systems) and then sends that data from the intermediary system to the final target. If you intend to configure SharePlex to post data to a database on an intermediary system, and you intend to use a hot backup to establish the data on that system and the target, do not run the Database Setup utility on the intermediary or target systems. You will run it when you perform the initial synchronization procedure.

Target system

Depends on the method that you will use to synchronize the source and target data when you are ready to activate replication:

  • If you intend to use transportable tablespaces or a cold copy (such as export/import, store/restore from tape, FTP), run the Database Setup utility during SharePlex installation.
  • If you intend to use a hot backup to establish the target data, do not run the Database Setup utility. You will run it when you perform the initial synchronization procedure.

    Note: If you run the Database Setup utility before the backup and recovery, the setup gets overwritten, and you will need to re-run it again after the backup and recovery.

Supported Oracle Connections

The setup utility can configure any of the following connections for the SharePlex user to use when connecting to the database.

Database type Connection
Database with or without ASM Bequeath

Database with or without ASM

TNS alias

  • (A TNS login is specified for both the database and the ASM instance.)
  • PDB with ASM

    TNS alias for the PDB and either TNS or bequeath for the ASM instance.

    Amazon RDS

    TNS alias

    Required run privileges

    The user who runs the Database Setup utility must have the following privileges:

    Amazon RDS source or target

    The user who runs the setup utility must be the master user that was created when the Oracle RDS instance was created. You are prompted for this user during the setup.

    Non-multitenant (standard) database

    The user who runs the setup utility must have DBA privileges, but if support for TDE is required, then this user must have SYSDBA privileges.

    Multitenant database

    The user who runs the setup utility should have SYSDBA privileges (recommended), but at minimum the user should be a DBA user with privileges for sys.users$ and sys.enc$. The minimum following grants are required for the SharePlex user:

    create user c##sp_admin identified by sp_admin;

    grant dba to c##sp_admin container=ALL;

    grant select on sys.user$ to c##sp_admin with grant option container=ALL;

    If TDE support is required for the CDB, then the following additional priviledge is required:

    grant select on sys.enc$ to c##sp_admin with grant option container=ALL;

    Privileges granted to SharePlex

  • The Database Setup utility grants to the SharePlex database user the following privileges.

    Privilege granted

    Description

    DBA role

    The Database Setup utility grants DBA role and unlimited resource privileges, tablespace privileges, and read privileges to the redo logs.

    Default Oracle profile

    By default this profile has the unlimited resource privileges originally assigned by Oracle.

    Grants

    The following grants are issued to SharePlex:

    • To access the data dictionary (outside the DBA roles) if O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY is set to FALSE:

      grant select any dictionary toSharePlexUser;

    • To replicate DDL:

      grant select any table toSharePlexUserwith admin option;

      grant create any view toSharePlexUserwith admin option;

    Privileges Required by SharePlex to Perform Replication

    The following is a list of privileges required by SharePlex to perform replication. If you revoke the DBA role for the SharePlex database user, ensure these privileges are granted.

    Privilege Details
    CREATE SESSION  
    ALTER SESSION  
    ALTER SYSTEM  
    RESOURCE role

    RESOURCE role privileges required by SharePlex:

    • CREATE TRIGGER
    • CREATE SEQUENCE
    • CREATE TYPE
    • CREATE PROCEDURE
    • CREATE CLUSTER
    • CREATE OPERATOR
    • CREATE INDEXTYPE
    • CREATE TABLE
    SELECT ANY DICTIONARY  
    SELECT ANY TABLE  
    INSERT ANY TABLE  
    UPDATE ANY TABLE  
    DELETE ANY TABLE  
    UNLIMITED TABLESPACE  
    CREATE ANY TABLE  
    DROP ANY TABLE  
    LOCK ANY TABLE  
    EXECUTE ON DBMS_FLASHBACK  
    SELECT ANY TRANSACTION  
    CREATE ANY INDEX  
    DROP ANY INDEX  
    ALTER ANY TABLE  
    ALTER ANY INDEX  
    CREATE ANY VIEW  
    ALTER ANY SEQUENCE  
    EXP_FULL_DATABASE role  
    IMP_FULL_DATABASE role  
    SELECT ON SYS.ENC$  
    SELECT ON SYS.USER$  

    Requirements

    • Install the database client on the system where you are running Oracle Setup. Consult the Oracle documentation for the appropriate client version to use with the database.
    • Run the Database Setup utility for all source and target Oracle instances in the SharePlex replication configuration.
    • Within a cluster, run the Database Setup utility on all nodes of the cluster. This ensures that the SharePlex settings in the Windows Registry include the correct ORACLE_SID.
    • For a consolidated replication topography, or other topology with multiple variable-data directories, run the Database Setup utility for each variable-data directory.
    • SharePlex supports local BEQUEATH connections or remote connections using a TNS alias. Be prepared to supply Oracle Setup the needed connection values for whichever connection you want to use. If using TNS, the tnsnames.ora file must be configured prior to running setup.

    • If the Oracle database is a multitenant container database, run the Database Setup utility for each pluggable database involved in a replication scenario. A SharePlex user and schema objects must exist in each PDB.
    • If you run the Database Setup utility when there is an active configuration, the DDL that the setup performs to install or update the SharePlex internal tables will be replicated to the target. To work around this issue, set the SP_OCT_REPLICATE_ALL_DDL parameter to 0 before running the utility, then return the parameter to its previous setting after the setup is complete. This parameter takes effect immediately.

    SharePlex schema storage requirements

    The Database Setup utility for Oracle installs some database objects for use by SharePlex. The storage requirements for these objects should be satisfied before running Oracle Setup. See the following table.

    Storage Description
    SharePlex objects tablespace

    The Database Setup utility installs some tables into a tablespace of your choosing. All but the SHAREPLEX_LOBMAP table use the default storage settings of the tablespace.

    The SHAREPLEX_LOBMAP table contains entries for LOBs stored out-of-row. It is created with a 1 MB INITIAL extent, 1 MB NEXT extent, and PCTINCREASE of 10. The MAXEXTENTS is 120, allowing the table to grow to 120 MB.

    Preferred action: If you enable supplemental logging for primary and unique keys, you can set the SP_OCT_ENABLE_LOBMAP parameter to 0, and nothing will be stored in the SHAREPLEX_LOBMAP table. In this case, you do not have to consider its size growth. It is recommended that you enable supplemental logging for primary and unique keys to maximize the performance of the Read process.

    Alternate action: The default storage usually is sufficient for SHAREPLEX_LOBMAP, permitting more than 4 million LOB entries. If the Oracle tables to be replicated have numerous LOB columns that are inserted or updated frequently, consider increasing the size the SharePlex tablespace accordingly. Take into account that this table shares the tablespace with other SharePlex tables.

    If the database uses the cost-based optimizer (CBO) and the tables that SharePlex processes include numerous LOBs, incorporate the SHAREPLEX_LOBMAP table into the analysis schedule.

    Note: A new installation of SharePlex does not change storage parameters from a previous installation.

    SharePlex temporary tablespace

    The Database Setup utility prompts for a temporary tablespace for SharePlex to use for sorts and other operations, including sorts performed by the compare commands. The default temporary tablespace is the one where the SharePlex objects are installed. If you plan to use the compare commands to compare large tables, especially those without a primary or unique key, specify a dedicated temporary tablespace for SharePlex.

    SharePlex index tablespace

    The Database Setup utility prompts for a tablespace to store the indexes for the SharePlex tables. The default index tablespace is the one where the SharePlex objects are installed. To minimize I/O contention, specify a different index tablespace from the one where the tables are installed.

    Note: If indexes from a previous version of SharePlex are installed in the SharePlex objects tablespace, you can move them to a different tablespace and then specify that tablespace when you run the setup utility.

    Run Database Setup for Oracle

    Important! The Oracle instance must be open before this procedure is performed.

    1. (Unix and Linux only) If you are using multiple variable-data directories, export the environment variable that points to the variable-data directory for the SharePlex instance for which you are running Database Setup.

      ksh shell:

      export SP_SYS_VARDIR=/full_path_of_variable-data_directory

      csh shell:

      setenv SP_SYS_VARDIR=/full_path_of_variable-data_directory

    2. Shut down any SharePlex processes that are running, including sp_cop.
    3. Run the Database Setup program from the command prompt of the operating system, using the full path from the SharePlex bin subdirectory.

      Important! On Windows, if you installed SharePlex on any port other than the default of 2100, use the -p option to specify the port number. For example, in the following command the port number is 9400:

      C:\users\splex\bin>ora_setup -p9400

    4. Specify whether the system is a source system, a target system, or both a source and target system in the SharePlex configuration.

      Note: This prompt only appears the first time that you run setup for this database.

    5. For connection type, select Oracle.
    6. Refer to the following table for the prompts and responses to configure SharePlex correctly for the desired connection type.

    Table 1: Setup prompts and response

    Prompt Response
    Will SharePlex install be using a BEQUEATH connection? (Entering 'n' implies a SQL*net connection):

    Press Y to use a local BEQUEATH connection, or press N to use a TNS alias connection.

    Note: Press N to use a TNS alias if:

    • the database is a multitenant database
    • SharePlex is capturing from, or posting to, a remote database, such as one on Amazon RDS.
    • the database is in a cluster (such as Oracle RAC)

     

    Are you configuring SharePlex for an AWS RDS database?

    Press N if you are not configuring SharePlex for an Oracle database on RDS.

    Press Y if you are configuring SharePlex for an Amazon AWS RDS database.

     

    One of the following prompts is shown:

    • If you selected BEQUEATH= Y:

      Enter the Oracle SID for which SharePlex should be installed:

    • If you selected BEQUEATH = N:

      Enter the TNS alias for which SharePlex should be installed:

       

    Non-multitenant database: Accept the default or type the correct SID or TNS alias.

    On RAC, the TNS alias must be a global alias.

    Multitenant database: Type the TNS alias of the PDB.

    Amazon RDS: Type the TNS alias of the RDS database.

     

    One of the following prompts is shown:

    • If the database is not on RDS:

      Enter a DBA user for SID:

    • If the database is on RDS:

      In order to create the SharePlex tables and user account, we must connect to the RDS database using the RDS Master user.

       

    Non-multitenant database: Type the name of a database user that has DBA privileges.

    Multitenant database: Type the name of a common user who has the required privileges to install the account and objects.

    Amazon RDS database: Type the name of the RDS master user.

     

    One of the following prompts is shown:

    • If the database is not on RDS:

      Enter password for the DBA account, which will not echo:

    • If the database is on RDS:

      Enter the password for the RDS master user, which will not echo.

    Non-multitenant database: Type the password of the DBA user.

    Multitenant database: Type the password of the common user. Omit the @ and the rest of the connect string. SharePlex constructs the connect string in the proper format.

    Amazon RDS database: Type the password of the RDS master user.

     

    Current SharePlex user is user.

    Would you like to create a new SharePlex user?

    Press N to update an existing SharePlex account or Y to create a new SharePlex account. Type the credentials when prompted.

    You are allowed five attempts to type a valid password for an existing SharePlex user. Passwords are obfuscated.

    Important!If there is an active configuration and you changed the SharePlex schema, copy the SharePlex objects from the old schema to the new one to preserve the replication environment.

     

    Do you want to enable replication of tables with TDE?

     

    Press Y to be prompted for the path name of the TDE wallet file. Type the fully qualified path for the TDE wallet file, including the wallet file name.

    Press N if not replicating TDE tables.

     

    Enter the default tablespace for use by SharePlex:

     

    Press Enter to accept the default or type the name of a different tablespace.

     

    Enter the temporary tablespace for use by Shareplex:

     

    Press Enter to accept the default or type the name of a different tablespace.

     

    Enter the index tablespace for use by SharePlex:

     

    Press Enter to accept the default or type the name of a different tablespace.

     

    Will the current setup for sid: SID be used as a source (including cases as source for failover or master-master setups)?

     

    Press Y if this is a source system or press N if this is a target system. Important: All systems in a master-master configuration (peer-to-peer) and in a high-availability configuration are considered to be source systems due to the bidirectional nature of the replication.

     

    Note:

    • The following prompts are only shown if the database is a source on ASM.
    • If this is an Oracle target, the setup is now complete.

     

    ASM detected. Do you wish to connect to ASM using BEQUEATH connection?

     

    Press Y for SharePlex to use a BEQUEATH connection to connect to the ASM instance, or press N to use a TNS alias.

    Important! If the database uses ASM and the database TNS alias is configured with a SCAN IP, then you must specify connection through an ASM TNS alias in order for SharePlex to connect to the ASM instance.

     

    The following prompt is displayed if you selected a BEQUEATH connection:

    Do you wish to keep connecting using the same user/password?

     

    Press Y to use the same user and password as the login user, or press N to be prompted for a different user and password.

     

    Note: If you selected to use a BEQUEATH connection to connect to ASM, the database setup is complete. Continue to Note about the tnsnames file.

    If you selected N, you need to supply a TNS alias, and the prompts continue.

     

    Enter the ASM tns alias to be used by SharePlex:

     

    Type the name of the TNS alias.

     

    Enter an ASM admin (has both sysdba and sysasm privilege) username for alias:

     

    Type the name of a user with sysasm and sysdba privileges to the ASM instance.

     

    Enter user password for user:

     

    Type the password of the user.

     

    SharePlex installs internal objects that include a package to support the SDO_GEOMETRY data type of the Oracle Spatial and Graph option. If this option is not installed in the database, the following prompt is shown:

    The SharePlex object that supports replication of SDO_GEOMETRY cannot be installed because the Oracle Spatial and Graph feature is not installed. Do you want to continue with the setup without support for SDO_GEOMETRY? [n]:

     

    Press Y to continue the database setup without support for SDO_GEOMETRY, or press N to terminate ora_setup.

     

    Note about the tnsnames file

    When you set up SharePlex for database connection through a TNS alias and ASM connection locally through a BEQUEATH connection (through OS authentication), it is important to set up the tnsnames.ora file correctly on each node. Assuming a SharePlex database account exists on the primary node, SharePlex will always connect to the primary ASM_SID automatically because it was provided when SharePlex was installed. However, upon failover, SharePlex must query the local v$asm_client view to get the correct ASM_SID of the failover instance. Therefore, ensure that the IP address of a given node is always listed first in the local tnsnames.ora file on that node.

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