Currently the only known workaround for this issue is to rename the corresponding folder for the affected user:
"C:\users\$dir\AppData\Local\Packages\Microsoft.AAD.BrokerPlugin_....."
This needs to be done with the affected user logged off. Do not use switch user, logon as a different administrative user or access the file from a network share. The folder will get recreated when the user logs on next. Launch Outlook, and you will need to enter your password again. You will get asked to workplace join again "say yes to allow my organization to manage this device" it may still throw the 'something went wrong, TPM error' but ignore this and Outlook should continue to load again. The TPM error will only occur once. It's best to use this workaround as a script in the post processing tasks area of Resource Updating Manager.
This was also reported to resolve the issue and it should be done prior to machine migration:
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