To resolve the issue, please remove the space so the path looks like:
msiexec.exe /I 'C:\workspace\AD.Agent-20.3.1.1401.msi' SERVICEURL=https://us.odmad.quest-on-demand.com/api/ADM AUTHKEY=##################################################################
Also please note that the current name for the device agent is ODMAD_AD_Agent-20.12.4.113.msi please ensure that you adjust the file name accordingly. However name may be changed when Quest will release the new version, so please change the command line accordingly.